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Module 14 of 22 · Operator · 90 min

The unpredictable number and pre‑play

Tag 9F37 is the terminal's only contribution of freshness, and some terminals supplied a counter. What that made possible, why it is neither a replay nor a clone, and how to measure a terminal for yourself.

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What this module covers

  1. 01What the field is supposed to do
  2. 02Where 9F37 actually travels
  3. 03Inside the cryptogram, and inside the signature
  4. 04The number that was not unpredictable
  5. 05Pre-play, and why it is not replay
  6. 06The variant a good generator does not fix
  7. 07A replay in the corpus, and what gave it away
  8. 08What catches it, and what does not
  9. 09Measuring a terminal for yourself
  10. 10What changed, and what did not